Sold – After Being Named Time’s Man of the Year For 1963, Martin Luther King Foresees the Success of the Civil Rights Struggle

The “Negro's constant struggle for full equality and human dignity …this particular recognition is not an honor to be enjoyed by me personally, but rather a tribute to the entire civil rights struggle and the millions of gallant people all over the nation working so untiringly to bring the American dream to reality.”

The most important news magazine in the United States in a day in which that meant something, Time became renowned for annually naming a ‘‘Man of the Year,’’doing so in the first issue of a new year, and featuring and profiling a person, group, idea or object that "for better or for worse,…has done the most to influence the events” of the previous year. To receive the honor was more than prestigious; it drew broad attention to the winner’s work. The winners for 1961 and 1962 were President Kennedy and Pope John XXIII, respectively.

1963 was a pivotal point for the Civil Rights Movement. On April 12, Dr. Martin Luther King was arrested with Ralph Abernathy by Birmingham Police Commissioner "Bull" Connor for demonstrating without a permit. This launched the Birmingham campaign which would prove to be the turning point in the war to end segregation in the South. During the eleven days he spent in jail, King wrote his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail. On May 10, the Birmingham agreement was announced, whereunder the city’s stores, restaurants and schools would be desegregated, hiring of blacks implemented, and charges against civil rights leaders dropped. On June 23, King lead over 200,000 people on a Freedom Walk in Detroit. Then came the most famous moment in King’s long career and long struggle: The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, which took place in Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963. Attended by some 250,000 people, it was the largest demonstration ever seen in the nation's capital, and one of the first to have extensive television coverage. During that march, King delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech, which remains one of the most famous speeches in American history. He started with prepared remarks, saying he was there to "cash a check" for "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness," while advising fellow protesters that ”We must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force." But then he departed from his script, shifting into the "I have a dream" theme, speaking of an America where his children "will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character." He followed this with an exhortation to "let freedom ring" across the nation.

The impact of all of this on the American people was enormous, and you could see people’s perceptions changing. Now King’s agenda came to the front and center of the national consciousness. Time magazine saw King as the personification of the Civil Rights Movement, and in its January 4, 1964 issue, gave him Man of the Year honors for 1963. King was pleased, and on January 16 sat down and wrote Time editor Henry Luce, thanking him and saying that Times’s recent treatment of the achievements of black American ‘‘does much to help grind away the granite-like notions that have obtained for so long that the Negro is not able to take his place in all fields of endeavor.’’

That same day King wrote another letter, one that more clearly enunciated his true feelings about the deeper meaning of the event, and indeed the course of the entire Civil Rights struggle and the part he played in it. Typed Letter Signed, on his Southern Christian Leadership Conference letterhead, Atlanta, January 16, 1964, to Frank G. Butler. "Please accept my deep appreciation for your kind letter in reference to my being chosen by TIME magazine as its Man of the Year….I am deeply grateful for your expression of support. I was pleased that TIME considered me for this traditional honor and was willing to make liberal use of its pages in an assessment of the Negro's constant struggle for full equality and human dignity. However, I must say that I sincerely feel that this particular recognition is not an honor to be enjoyed by me personally, but rather a tribute to the entire civil rights struggle and the millions of gallant people all over the nation working so untiringly to bring the American dream to reality. The fact that TIME took such cognizance of the social revolution in which we are engaged is an indication that the conscience of America has been reached and that the old order which has embraced bigotry and discrimination must now yield to what we know to be right and just."